Question

Civil

Nardo, Gina, and Remy inherited a three-hectare agricultural land in Laguna as co-owners in equal shares when their parents died intestate in 1990. From the moment of inheritance, Nardo took exclusive physical possession of the entire land. In 1993, he erected a concrete fence enclosing all three hectares, cultivated the entire property, and began paying all real property taxes solely in his own name. That same year, he repeatedly told Gina and Remy — both of whom were then working in Saudi Arabia — that the land belonged to him alone and that they had no right to any part of it whatsoever. Gina and Remy took no legal action at that time. In 2024, they returned to the Philippines and filed a suit to recover their combined two-thirds share of the land, invoking their right as co-heirs. Nardo raised the defense of acquisitive prescription, arguing that he had possessed the entire property openly, exclusively, and continuously in his own name since 1993. Has Nardo acquired the shares of Gina and Remy by acquisitive prescription? (Bar 2026 Syllabus)

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